Children with a family history of asthma or allergies are more likely to develop one or both of the conditions. In fact, it is common for asthma and allergy symptoms to develop concurrently in children, according to the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. Learning to differentiate between asthma and allergy symptoms in children will help in prevention and treatment of the condition.
Differences
Pediatric asthma is a respiratory disease that affects children, according to MedlinePlus. Pediatric asthma causes inflammation in the child's lungs, leading to shortness of breath, chest tightness and wheezing.
The American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology states that the most common allergy condition in children is allergic rhinitis, or hay fever. Allergic rhinitis primarily affects the nasal passages and the eyes.
The American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology states that the most common allergy condition in children is allergic rhinitis, or hay fever. Allergic rhinitis primarily affects the nasal passages and the eyes.
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Causes
Half of asthma is related to allergies, caused by exposure to an allergen, according to the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. The other half of pediatric asthma is caused by other triggers such as exercise, environmental irritants and exposure to cold weather. Allergies are caused by any substance that causes an allergic reaction in the child. The most common allergens in children are pollens, molds and dust.
Asthma Symptoms
MedlinePlus states that pediatric asthma symptoms include tightness of the chest, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, coughing, wheezing, rapid breathing and chest pain. If the child develops a rapid heart rate, turns blue in the face, has severe difficulty breathing or sweats profusely, he may be experiencing an emergency asthma attack. Emergency medical care is required.
Allergy Symptoms
The American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology states that pediatric allergy symptoms mainly affect the sinuses, ears and eyes. A child will develop symptoms, such as nasal congestion, sneezing, itchy eyes, nasal discharge, a scratchy throat and facial pressure. Allergies cause inflammation in the ears, which in children can lead to recurring ear infections.
Prevention and Treatment
According to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, asthma and allergies are preventable and treatable. Prevention begins by removing triggers such as air pollution, household allergens and maintaining proper humidity levels in the child's home. Treatment will differ for each child but may include the use of antihistamines, corticosteroids or allergy shots.
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