Bronchial Spasm Symptoms

The bronchial tubes are part of the respiratory tract through which air passes into the lungs. Bronchial spasm occurs when the muscles that line the airway passages abnormally constrict following physical exercise or exposure to an allergen, such as dust, food or medication. Symptoms of bronchial spasm are typically the same as symptoms related to asthma, a long-term lung disease that affects approximately 20 million people in the United States, according to the American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology. People who experience severe bronchial spasm symptoms require prompt medical care.

Cough or Shortness of Breath

Abnormal bronchial tube contractions can irritate the respiratory tract, causing coughing in affected people. Bronchial spasm also interferes with the ability of air to pass through the bronchial tubes into the lungs. Consequently, people may experience shortness of breath or difficulty breathing during bronchial spasm, the Cleveland Clinic explains. Breathing difficulties may become worse during or following periods of physical activity.

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Wheezing

When the bronchial tubes constrict, inhaled air has to squeeze past the tightened airway to reach the lungs. As air tries to flow into the narrowed airways, people may notice an unusual hoarse, whistling or squeaking sound that emanates from the chest, FamilyDoctor.org reports. This bronchial spasm symptom, called wheezing, is typically accompanied by breathing difficulties or chest discomfort.

Chest Pressure, Tightness or Pain

Muscle spasms along the respiratory tract can be uncomfortable and may cause sensations of pressure, tightness or pain within a person's chest, MayoClinic.com warns. Inhaling air, which causes expansion of the lungs, may increase chest discomfort and can contribute to breathing problems. Acute, severe chest pains can also be a sign of a heart attack, and affected people should contact a doctor immediately.